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Showing posts with label National-F. Show all posts
Showing posts with label National-F. Show all posts

Saturday, 26 July 2014

The Lok Sabha or House of the People is the lower house of the Parliament of India. Lok means "people" and Sabha means "assembly" in Sanskrit.

  1. The Lok Sabha (House of the People) was rightfully constituted surprisingly on April 17, 1952 after the first General Elections held from October 5, 1951 to February 21, 1952.
  2. The Lok Sabha is made out of agents of the individuals from 543 voting demographics, picked by immediate decision on the premise of grown-up suffrage(General Elections).
  3. The Rules of Procedure and Conduct of Business in Lok Sabha and Directions issued by the Speaker now and again there under control the strategy in Lok Sabha. The things of business, notice of which is gotten from the Ministers/ Private Members and conceded by the Speaker, are incorporated in the every day List of Business which is printed and flowed to parts ahead of time. For different things of business to be taken up in the House the time is allocated by the House on the proposals of the Business Advisory Committee.
  4. A sum of 131 seats (18.42%) are saved for delegates of Scheduled Castes(84) and Scheduled Tribes(47) just. The greatest quality of the House imagined by the Constitution of India is 552, which is made up by race of up to 530 parts to speak to the States, up to 20 parts to speak to the Union Territories and not more than two parts of the Anglo-Indian Community to be assigned by the President of India, if, as he would like to think, that group is not enough spoken to in the House.
  5. The aggregate elective participation is appropriated among the States in such a path, to the point that the proportion between the amount of seats designated to each one State and the number of inhabitants in the State is, so far as practicable, the same for all states.
  6. Qualifications Require
    Article 84
    (Part V.—The Union) of Indian Constitution sets qualifications for being a member of Lok Sabha, which are as follows:-

    1. He/She should be a citizen of India, and must subscribe before the Election Commission of India an oath or affirmation according to the form set out for the purpose in the Third Schedule of Indian Constitution.
    2. He/She, in the case of a seat in the House of the People, should not be less than twenty-five years of age; and
    3. He/She possesses such other qualifications as may be prescribed in that behalf by or under any law made by Parliament.
  • However, a member can be disqualified of being a member of Parliament:-
  1. If he/she holds office of profit;
  2. If he/she is of unsound mind and stands so declared by a competent court
  3. If he/she is an undischarged insolvent;
  4. If he/she is not a citizen of India, or has voluntarily acquired the citizenship of a foreign State, or is under any acknowledgment of allegiance or adherence to a foreign State;
  5. If he/she is violating party discipline (as per Tenth schedule of the constitution); disqualified under Representation of People Act.
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Posted by in  on 7/26/2014 12:04:00 pm No comments
 The Rajya Sabha (RS) or Council of States is the upper house of the Parliament of India while Lok Sabha is the lower house of the parliament.

Here are 5 facts about Rajya Sabha:
 
1. The Rajya Sabha or Council of States is the upper place of the Parliament of India. Participation is restricted to 250 parts, 12 of whom are designated by the President of India for their commitments to craftsmanship, writing, science, and social administrations. Parts sit for six-year terms, with one third of the parts resigning at regular intervals.

2. The Rajya Sabha meets in ceaseless sessions and, not at all like the Lok Sabha, the lower place of Parliament, is not subject to disintegration. The Rajya Sabha has equivalent balance in every aspect of enactment with Lok Sabha, aside from in the region of supply.

3. For anybody to turn into a part of the Rajya Sabha, he/she must be no less than 30 years old. 

  • Article 84 (Part V.—The Union) of Indian Constitution sets qualifications for being a member of Lok Sabha, which are as follows:-
  1. He/She should be a citizen of India, and must subscribe before the Election Commission of India an oath or affirmation according to the form set out for the purpose in the Third Schedule of Indian Constitution.
  2. He/She, in the case of a seat in the House of the People, should not be less than twenty-five years of age; and
  3. He/She possesses such other qualifications as may be prescribed in that behalf by or under any law made by Parliament.
  • However, a member can be disqualified of being a member of Parliament:-
  1. If he/she holds office of profit;
  2. If he/she is of unsound mind and stands so declared by a competent court
  3. If he/she is an undischarged insolvent;
  4. If he/she is not a citizen of India, or has voluntarily acquired the citizenship of a foreign State, or is under any acknowledgment of allegiance or adherence to a foreign State;
  5. If he/she is violating party discipline (as per Tenth schedule of the constitution); disqualified under Representation of People Act.
 4. Special Powers of Rajya Sabha
  • To pass a resolution under article 249 of the Constitution enabling Parliament to legislate on any subject enumerated in the State List.
  • To pass a resolution under article 312 of the Constitution enabling Parliament to create one or more All India Services common to the Union and the States.
  • If a proclamation is issued for imposing national emergency(article 352)or failure of Constitutional machinery in a State (article 356)or financial emergency (article 360), at a time when Lok Sabha has been dissolved then the proclamation remains effective even if it is approved by Rajya Sabha alone.
5. Rajya Sabha Television (RSTV) is a 24*7 parliamentary TV channel fully owned and operated by the Rajya Sabha. The channel is aimed at providing in-depth coverage and analysis of parliamentary affairs especially the functioning of and developments related to Rajya Sabha.
 
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Posted by in  on 7/26/2014 11:47:00 am No comments

Wednesday, 9 July 2014

India frequently pulls in generalizations and stereotyping, yet all the more regularly it opposes them. Truth be told, it is a gigantic and fluctuated spot with the hereditary, semantic, culinary and style diversified qualities which are generally found in a mainland.




1)The world's largest democracy and second most populous country

India's population will (likely) overwhelm China's in 2028.

As per UN gauges, India will turn into the most crowded nation on the planet in only 14 years' opportunity, when it will have something like 1.45 billion tenants.

For a lot of people in India, turning into the most crowded nation will be an accomplishment, denoting the nation's advancement in its competition with China.

For others, especially from the more established eras, it speaks to a disappointment of the nation's decades-old endeavors to bring its populace under control - which incorporated a disputable and counter-gainful mass disinfection battle throughout the 1970s.

Indeed, conception rates have fallen altogether in practically all parts of India, determined by female training, climbing family unit livelihoods and more prominent accessibility of contraception however this has been in part balanced by expanded future.

India's populace is prone to arrive at something like 1.6 billion in the 2060s, preceding diminishing to about 1.5 billion before the century's over.

By then, as per the UN study, Nigeria may have surpassed China as the second most crowded nation.

2) INDIA WAS ONCE AN ISLAND

India was previously a landmass. More than 100 million years back, when dinosaurs meandered the earth, the majority of what is currently India was an island.

It had severed from an old supercontinent alluded to as Gondwanaland by paleogeographers (named after Gondwana, a forested range of focal India), and was moving gradually northwards.

Something like 50 million years prior, dinosaurs at this point wiped out, the India mainland plate impacted Asia, clasping the waterfront zone of both landmasses and making the Himalayas - the world's most youthful real mountain range - and, obviously, the most noteworthy.

Confirmation of this old history is given by fossilized ocean shells that can even now be discovered high in the mountains. The plate on which the subcontinent rests keeps on pressing gradually northwards, and is the motivation behind why the tallness of Mount Everest builds marginally consistently.


3) Linguistic diversity
India has, seemingly, more noteworthy semantic differences than any viable substantial nation.

The exact number of dialects talked in India is likely in excess of 1,000, however it is frequently difficult to characterize when one dialect starts and an alternate closures.

The 1961 enumeration of India recorded 1,652 dialects, however some of these may have viably been lingos, and a couple of dialects have vanished from that point forward.

The huge six dialects - Hindi, Bengali, Telugu, Marathi, Tamil and Urdu - are every talked by more than 50 million individuals.

An aggregate of 122 dialects are every talked by more than 10,000 individuals.

India doesn't have a national dialect. Hindi and English are both authority dialects, however the essayists of the constitution visualized a transitional status for English, yet restriction to Hindi dominion from speakers of different dialects, especially Tamil, imply that English remains an authority dialect.

Indian dialects have a place with four of the world's real dialect bunches: Indo-European, Dravidian, Austro-Asiatic and Tibeto-Burman.

Until the mid-twentieth Century, the Bantu dialect bunch, which starts in Africa, was likewise spoken to by speakers of the Sidi dialect utilized by transients from East Africa living in western India.

The dialect has now vanished, however parts of the Sidi group still utilize a couple of expressions of Bantu inception.

4) Three MEGACities

India has three of the world's main ten megacities - one more than China.

As indicated by the UN, Delhi is currently the second-biggest urban agglomeration on the planet, with Mumbai positioned seventh and Calcutta tenth.

The number of inhabitants in Delhi and its prompt urban hinterland is presently in excess of 22.65 million, and is just surpassed by Tokyo.

In the seventeenth century, Delhi was quickly the most crowded city on the planet, however by 1960, Delhi was not even in the main 30. The development from that point forward had been more than 4% for every annum.

That development rate is starting to fall, however it is still in excess of 3% yearly.

That speaks to a yearly build in populace - through labor and movement - of something like 700,000 individuals, putting a serious strain on the assets of India's capital.

Water remains a significant issue - with practically quarter of the city's family not having a consistent water supply.

Six other Indian urban areas - Chennai, Bangalore, Hyderabad, Ahmedabad, Pune and Surat - emphasize in the UN's main 100 urban agglomerations.

5) All Indian Movies are not From Bollywood

India has the world's biggest film industry.

More than 1,100 films are delivered, on normal, every year - that is marginally in front of Nigeria, twice the same number of as the American film industry and ten times the same number of as Britain produces.

A large portion of the Indian movies are not, as is frequently assumed, results of Bollywood, the moniker given to Mumbai's Hindi motion picture industry which is in charge of around 200 movies a year.

Just about as numerous movies are made every year in both Tamil and in Telugu, the two most broadly talked southern Indian dialect - and Chennai and Hyderabad are significant film creations focuses.

In any case, India comes just sixth as far as silver screen film industry receipts - behind the USA, China, Japan, UK and France.

6) 40% of World's output for Mangos comes from India

India is the world's greatest maker and buyer of mangoes.

For some individuals, the best enjoyment of the hot Indian summer is the bounty of mangoes - formally India's national apples and oranges.

There are a few hundred mixtures of Indian mango, of which more than 30 are industrially accessible.

Everybody appears to have their top choice, and I have seen incensed contention about which is the best mango.

I have likewise uncovered that it is conceivable to cause incredible offense in Mumbai, by proposing that the neighborhood mango, the Alfonso, is not the best on the planet.

More than 40% of the world's yearly yield of mangoes are developed in India, far in front of the opposition from China, Thailand and Bangladesh.
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Posted by in , ,  on 7/09/2014 12:24:00 pm No comments

Monday, 7 July 2014

The new Indian government ready to present its maiden budget in July 2014, there are a lot of articles in the press. A word cloud may hover around that may include words like tax slabs, income tax rates, wealth tax, fiscal deficit and so on. The noise will only rise as we head closer to the day. Here are 5 things you need to note as a taxpayer:

  1. Income tax: Income tax is paid on the taxable income that is earned by an individual during a financial year. People with annual income up to Rs 2,00,000 pay no tax. Those earning between Rs 2 to 5 lakh pay 10% while those earning between Rs 5 lakh to Rs 10 lakh annually pay 20%. The tax rate is 30% on people earning more than Rs 10,00,000 per annum. There is a demand to provide relief to the salaried middle-class by increasing the basic tax exemption limit to Rs 3,00,000 from the current Rs 2,00,000 per annum. This means income up to Rs 3,00,000 would be exempted from income tax.

  2. Expensive or cheap: A lot of goods and services get expensive or cheap after the budget. An all-round cut in taxes that makes your cars or refrigerators cheap is unlikely.Finance minister Arun Jaitley will try to cut expenditure and enhance revenue through taxation. Hence, there is very little possibility that things would get cheaper after the budget.
  3. Tax returns: The budget could simplify the process of filing of returns further. A couple of years ago, the government gave a relief to salary earners up to Rs 5,00,000 per annum from filing of tax returns. The new government intends to simplify processes for ordinary people.
  4. Tax rebates and benefits: The government needs to encourage savings for retail investors to finance future growth. Currently, under section 80C, if you invest Rs 1,00,000 in public saving schemes, or equity-linked mutual funds or other designated investment schemes, you can claim deduction and save up to Rs 30,000 or 30% tax. In addition to this, you can claim deduction on your home loan interest rate of up to Rs 1,50,000 and save another Rs 45,000 in tax.
  5. Indirect tax: While income tax you pay directly, there are a host of indirect taxes you pay for goods and services that you buy. So when the budget announces a change in the excise duty for cars, price of cars applicable to you changes. This is because car makers pass on the increase or decrease in taxes to you. The same thing applies to electronic goods that you buy or import.  
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Posted by in  on 7/07/2014 01:07:00 pm No comments

The Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) is one of two major parties in the Indian political system, along with the Indian National Congress. It is currently India's largest political party in terms of representation in the national parliament and the second largest in the various state assemblies. It has close ideological and organisational links to the Hindu nationalist Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh.



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Posted by in  on 7/07/2014 08:39:00 am No comments

Ideologue and Teacher

Pandit Deendayal Upadhyaya (1916-1968)
Pandit Deendayal Upadhyaya was the leader of the Bharatiya Jana Sangh from 1953 to 1968. A profound philosopher, committed organization man and a leader who who maintained the highest standards of personal integrity and dignity in public life, he has remained a source of ideological guidance and moral inspiration for the BJP since its inception. His treatise Integral Humanism is a critique of both communism and capitalism. It provides a holistic alternative perspective for political action and statecraft consistent with the needs of the human race and the sustainability of our natural hab itat.

On September 21, 1951, he was instrumental in hosting a political convention in UP and founding the state unit of the new party, the Bharatiya Jana Sangh. Dr. Mookerjee presided over the first all-India convention a month later, on October 21, 1951.

Deendayalji's organizing skills were unmatched. Finally came the red letter day in the annals of the Jana Sangh when this utterly unassuming leader of the party was raised to the high position of President in the 1968. On assuming tremendous responsibility Deendayalji went to the South with the message of Jana Sangh. On the dark night of February 11, 1968, Pandit Deendayal Upadhyaya was pushed into the jaws of sudden death, however. To this day, his followers and disciples lament that tragedy in Mughalsarai railway station.

History of BJP                                                                                                                Founder of BJP
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Posted by in  on 7/07/2014 08:33:00 am No comments


The Bharatiya Janata Party is today the most prominent member of the family of organisations known as the "Sangh Parivar" and nurtured by the Rashtria Swyamsevak Sangh (RSS). Like the RSS, the BJP is wedded to India’s unity and integrity, its intrinsic identity and the social strength, individual character and cultural uniqueness that have been the hallmark of this great country and its people for millennia.

History is the philosophy of nations. And the Sangh Parivar has a very clear and clear conception of Indian history. Here was a great civilization whose influence and imprint spread from Sri Lanka to Tibet, from Southeast Asia to Central Asia, from one end of the Indian Ocean to the other. It weathered the storms of invaders, from the Greeks to the Huns, from the Shakas to the Islamic armies of Turks and Afghans. It fought and resisted external oppression and its essential civilization and culture survived great challenges and attempts at effacement. The glory of Vijayanagara and the heroism of Maharana Pratap, of a Shivaji and of a Guru Govind Singh are testimony to the Indian spirit.

In more recent times this torch of nationalism and Indian identity was carried forward by Swami Dayanand and Swami Vivekanada. And in the present century the good work has been carried on by Sri Aurobindo, Lokmanya Tilak, Mahatma Gandhi and others. The RSS, founded by Dr K.B. Hedgewar in 1925 and consolidated by Shri Guruji M.S. Golwalkar after 1940, sees itself as the legatee of this heroic tradition. It believes in the principle of: "Justice for all and appeasement of none". It has no doubt about Hindu identity and culture being the mainstay of the Indian nation and of Indian society. This identity and this culture informs all Indians, irrespective of religious or denominational faith. To the RSS, all Indians, irrespective of religious background, notwithstanding their mode and place of worship, are equal.

Founder of BJP
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Posted by in  on 7/07/2014 07:29:00 am No comments

Sunday, 6 July 2014



Founded by Syama Prasad Mookerjee in 1901 as Bharatiya Jana Sangh. The BJP is the successor party of the BJS, which merged itself into the Janata Party in 1977. The BJP was formed as a separate party in 1980 after internal differences in the Janata Party resulted in the collapse of the Janata government in 1979.


Graduating from Calcutta University, Dr. Mookerjee became a fellow of the Senate in 1923. He enrolled as an advocate in Calcutta High Court in 1924 after his father's death. Subsequently he left for England in 1926, being called to the bar from Lincoln's Inn in 1927. At the age of 33, he became the world's youngest Vice-Chancellor at the Calcutta University and held the office till 1938. During his tenure, he introduced a number of constructive reforms and was active in the Asiatic Society as well as was a member of the Court and the Council of the Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore and Chairman of the Inter-University of Board.

He was elected as member of the Legislative Council of Bengal as a Congress candidate, representing Calcutta University, but resigned when the Congress decided to boycott the legislature. Subsequently, he contested the election as an independent and got elected.

The Bharatiya Jana Sangh, along with the Hindu Mahasabha and the Ram Rajya Parishad, launched a satyagraha to have pernicious provisions related to Article 370 removed. Mookerjee went to visit Kashmir in 1953 and was arrested on May 11, 1953, while crossing into the state and breaching the infamous Permit System. He died while under arrest and held in difficult conditions, passing away on June 23, 1953.


History of BJP
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Posted by in  on 7/06/2014 10:38:00 pm No comments

The Constitution of India is the supreme law of India. It lays down the framework defining fundamental political principles, establishes the structure, procedures, powers, and duties of government institutions, and sets out fundamental rights, directive principles, and the duties of citizens. 26 November 1949 is also known as National Law Day. The Indian constitution is the world's longest constitution. At the time of commencement, the constitution had 395 articles in 22 parts and 8 schedules. It consists of almost 80,000 words and took 2 years 11 months and 18 days to build. Now after 98 amendments it has 448 articles.


The Constitution follows parliamentary system of government and the executive is directly accountable to the legislature. Article 74 provides that there shall be a Prime Minister of India as the head of government. It also states that there shall be a President of India and a Vice-President of India under Articles 52 and 63. Unlike the Prime Minister, the President largely performs ceremonial roles.
 
The Constitution of India is federal in nature. Each state and each Union territory of India has its own government. Analogues to President and Prime Minister, each has a Governor (in case of states) or Lieutenant Governor (in the case of Union territories) and a Chief Minister. The 73rd and 74th Amendment Act also introduced the system of Panchayati Raj in rural areas and Municipality in urban areas. Also, Article 370 of the Constitution gives special status to the State of Jammu and Kashmir.

The Constitution declares India to be a sovereign, socialist, secular, democratic republic, assuring its citizens of justice, equality, and liberty, and endeavors to promote fraternity among them. The words "socialist" and "secular" were added to the definition in 1976 by constitutional amendment (mini constitution). India celebrates the adoption of the constitution on 26 January each year as Republic Day.

Read Full Constitution article wise here


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Posted by in  on 7/06/2014 10:15:00 pm No comments
  1. Republic of India, also known as Bharat and other names in Hindi and other languages, is an independent country in South Asia.
  2. India is the seventh biggest nation in the world and in terms of population, it is the second most populated country in the world (after China). India is famous for being the most densely inhabited democratic state in the world with 1.2 Billion people.
  3. The population of India comprises Hindus, Muslims, Sikhs, Jains, Buddhists, Christians, and Jews. The Lakshwadeep Islands and Indian mainland are closely located to Maldives and Sri Lanka in the Indian Ocean.
  4. The traditional and cultural affluence characterizes the extensive history of India. Four of the key religions in the world - Buddhism, Hinduism, Sikhism, and Jainism have their origins in India.
  5. At the same time, other religions such as Judaism, Zoroastrianism, Islam, and Christianity came to India in the first millennium common era and created the varied culture of India.
     
  6. India was subject to Company Rule by the British East India Company since the early 18th century and occupied by the United Kingdom from the middle of the 19th century.
  7. India is a federal constitutional republic. The country follows the parliamentary democracy system, comprising 29 states and seven union territories.
  8. The society of India can be referred to as a multilingual, pluralistic, and cosmopolitan society and over 400 languages are used in the country. India is home to a variety of flora and fauna in a range of protected areas.
  9. India is home to a range of mountains and rivers. Important mountain ranges include the Himalayas, the Satpura and Vindhya Mountain Ranges, and the Eastern and Western Ghats Mountain Ranges.
  10. The rivers of India can be broadly categorized into the following:

Himalayan Rivers



The Indus, Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, Beas, Sutlej, and Saraswati are the important Himalayan Rivers.

The Ganga Rivers



Ganga (also Ganges) and its tributaries like the Yamuna, Chambal, Kosi, and Damodar form the Ganges River System.

Brahmaputra Rivers



The Brahmaputra and its tributaries like the Tista, Subansiri, Tsang-Po, and Jamuna create the Brahmaputra River System.

Peninsular Rivers



The Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna, Cauvery, Narmada, and Tapi or Tapti are the major peninsular rivers.

The climate of India can be broadly categorized into the following groups:

  • Tropical dry climate
  • Tropical wet climate
  • Montane (mountainous climate)
  • Subtropical humid climate
Indian peninsular plateau encompasses a huge area and comprises the following regions:
  • The Punjab plain
  • The Assam Plain or Brahmaputra Plain
  • The Malwa Plateau
  • The Aravallis
  • The Deccan Plateau
 These mountain ranges and rivers helps to passes in India that help tourists travel in the hilly regions.

Administrative divisions of India commonly known as State or Union Territories.




11. The are as follows:



States of India

States

  • Andhra Pradesh
  • Arunachal Pradesh
  • Assam
  • Bihar
  • Chhattisgarh
  • Goa
  • Gujarat
  • Haryana
  • Himachal Pradesh
  • Jammu and Kashmir
  • Jharkhand
  • Karnataka
  • Kerala
  • Madhya Pradesh
  • Maharashtra
  • Manipur
  • Meghalaya
  • Mizoram
  • Nagaland
  • Orissa
  • Punjab
  • Rajasthan
  • Sikkim
  • Tamil Nadu
  • Tripura
  • Uttar Pradesh
  • Uttarakhand
  • West Bengal

Union Territories

  • Andaman and Nicobar Islands
  • Chandigarh
  • Dadra and Nagar Haveli
  • Daman and Diu
  • Lakshadweep
  • National Capital Territory of Delhi
  • Puducherry (Pondicherry)

12. Biodiversity of India



India is also famous for its unique biodiversity. There are a number of eco-regions in India. It is one of the 17 mega-diverse countries in the world. India is the natural habitat of reptiles, mammals, avian, fishes, and amphibians. Almost 1/3rd of the plant species in India are indigenous plants. The forests of India can be categorized into the following:
  • Tropical rainforest
  • Coniferous forest
  • Moist deciduous forest
  • Dry deciduous forest
  • Thorn forest
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